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[Photodynamic therapy (PDT)] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Photosensitizers activated by a specific wavelength of light produce cytotoxic species to destroy cancerous, precancerous cells, bacterial, fungus and virus. Today several photosensit..

[What is IVD?)] In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Many diagnoses are based on the use of optics, such as fluorescence, Raman, luminescence and etc. The customed light source or prototype is offering...

Organ shortage and the consequent high cost are becoming serious concerns, driving the 3D bioprinting development. Many biomaterials (including stem cell) could be stimulated with light so as to control their morphology and functions. The customed li..

[Light therapy = Phototherapy] Light therapy = Phototherapy To simulate sunlight-like lighting at home, while filtering out most of UV rays. It could relieve gloomy mood, sleep disorders, rainy days, etc. ..

[PPG wearable devices] PPG wearable devices Photoplethysmogram (PPG) measures blood volume changes in blood vessels. The changes reflect the heart rate and the blood oxygen concentration. 465-nm, 520-nm, 660-nm, 805-nm and 940-nm are typic..

[Photocatalytic sterilization] Photocatalytic sterilization Light absorbed by photocatalytic materials to generate free radicals, which is cytotoxic. It has been applied for water disinfection, sterilization of surgical instruments, remova..